Update on COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Objective: This update is concerned on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic that is affecting the globe. The aim of this update is to summarize the up-to-date knowledge about the virus, its way of transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Result: The COVID-19 is a public health threat affecting humankind currently after the emergence and spread of the novel coronavirus or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus is believed to have originated from bats and transmitted to humans. Around 1.5 million peoples are confirmed to have the COVID-19 and more than 83000 individuals have died of it by April 8, 2020, all over the world. It is transmitted by inhaling or having contact with droplets. The incubation period ranges from 2-14 days. It manifests mainly with fever, non-productive cough, and dyspnea. The polymerase chain reaction from various samples like throat swabs, nasal swabs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is used to confirm the diagnosis. High-resolution chest computerized tomography is abnormal in most patients, and typical findings are ground glass patchy opacities on both lungs and sub-segmental consolidation. Treatment is largely supportive. However, trials are ongoing, and chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have got a lot of attention in the battle against COVID-19.